Implicit Motives Modulate Attentional Orienting to Facial Expressions of Emotion |
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Authors: | Oliver C. Schultheiss Jessica A. Hale |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, 525 East University Ave., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA |
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Abstract: | We conducted two studies (Ns=52 and 60) to test the notion that the incentive salience of facial expressions of emotion (FEE) is a joint function of perceivers’ implicit needs for power and affiliation and the FEE’s meaning as a dominance or affiliation signal. We used a variant of the dot-probe task (Mogg & Bradley, 1999a) to measure attentional orienting. Joy, anger, surprise, and neutral FEEs were presented for 12, 116, and 231 ms with backward masking. Implicit motives were assessed with a Picture Story Exercise. We found that power-motivated individuals orient their attention towards faces signaling low dominance, but away from faces that signal high dominance, and (b) that affiliation-motivated individuals show vigilance for faces signaling low affiliation (rejection) and, to a lesser extent, orient attention towards faces signaling high affiliation (acceptance). |
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Keywords: | Implicit motives Attentional orienting Emotional expressions Incentives Awareness |
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