A model of contemporary feminine role change and family size

Through a review of existing theory and research a model was constructed which traces the restricting effect female employment has on family size through a discussion of intervening psychological variables. The model presents four psychological changes that are associated with paid employment of middle-class women in the United States: (1) increased self-orientation, (2) increased feelings of personal efficacy, (3) the increased belief that the spouse holds expectations for female autonomy, and (4) the increased belief that female employment outside the home is socially acceptable. It is suggested that these variables act to restrict family size through their effects on desired family size, perceived desired family size of the husband, expected family size, commitment to employment, and occupational satisfaction.