Type I error rates and power analyses for single-point sensitivity measures |
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Authors: | Rotello Caren M Masson Michael E J Verde Michael F |
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Affiliation: | Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-7710, USA. caren@psych.umass.edu |
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Abstract: | Experiments often produce a hit rate and a false alarm rate in each of two conditions. These response rates are summarized into a single-point sensitivity measure such as d', and t tests are conducted to test for experimental effects. Using large-scale Monte Carlo simulations, we evaluate the Type I error rates and power that result from four commonly used single-point measures: d', A', percent correct, and gamma. We also test a newly proposed measure called gammaC. For all measures, we consider several ways of handling cases in which false alarm rate = 0 or hit rate = 1. The results of our simulations indicate that power is similar for these measures but that the Type I error rates are often unacceptably high. Type I errors are minimized when the selected sensitivity measure is theoretically appropriate for the data. |
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