中美成人基本认知能力的年龄差异

为了研究中关成人基本认知能力的年龄差异，采用西亚图纵向研究模型的方法对中关被试5种基本认知能力进行测量。结果发现，不同文化下5种能力的成绩存在显著的年龄差异。并且这种差异不能完全用教育上的差异来解释。年龄较大被试在所有基本能力测验上成绩较低。男性被试在归纳推理、空间和数字能力上成绩较好，女性被试在语义和词语流畅性测验上成绩较好。研究表明文化环境和历史等因素对成人认知发展具有一定的影响。

Age Differences In Primary Mental Abilities In China And USA

The present research used SLS model to study the age differences in five primary mental abilities in China and USA. It was found that there were significant age differences in the five abilities across cultures. And the differences could not be totally explained by the differences in the education. Older subjects got lower scores in all the primary ability tests. Male subjects showed better scores in reasoning, space and number abilities; female subjects showed better scores in verbal and word fluency tests. The study showed that the factors of culture environment and history etc. had certain effect on adults' cognitive development.