Unrealistic representations of “the self”: A cognitive neuroscience assessment of anosognosia for memory deficit |
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| Institution: | 1. NeuroMi, Milan Center for Neuroscience, Italy;2. Psychology Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy;3. Neuroradiology Department, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milano, Italy;4. Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences/Psychology Section, University of Pavia, Italy;5. Center of Cognitive Neuropsychology, Niguarda Ca’ Granda Hospital, Milano, Italy;6. fMRI Unit, I.R.C.C.S. Galeazzi, Orthopedic Institute, Milano, Italy;1. Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, IRCSS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy;2. Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, Compendio del Viminale, Rome, Italy;3. Department of Medicine of Systems, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome, Italy;4. Beth K. and Stuart C. Yudofsky Division of Neuropsychiatry, Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;1. Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK;2. IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Diagnostica Funzionale Neuroradiologica, Bologna, Italy;3. School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK;1. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA;2. York University, Toronto, ON, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Three cognitive components may play a crucial role in both memory awareness and in anosognosia for memory deficit (AMD): (1) a personal data base (PDB), i.e., a memory store that contains “semantic” representations about the self, (2) monitoring processes (MPs) and (3) an explicit evaluation system (EES), or comparator, that assesses and binds the representations stored in the PDB with information obtained from the environment.We compared both the behavior and the functional connectivity (as assessed by resting-state fMRI) of AMD patients with aware patients and healthy controls. We found that AMD is associated with an impoverished PDB, while MPs are necessary to successfully update the PDB.AMD was associated with reduced functional connectivity within both the default-mode network and in a network that includes the left lateral temporal cortex, the hippocampus and the insula. The reduced connectivity between the hippocampus and the insular cortex was correlated with AMD severity. |
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| Keywords: | Anosognosia for memory deficit Self-evaluation scale Personal Data Base Monitoring processes Hippocampus Insula Default mode network Functional connectivity Default-self |
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