Perceptual interference at encoding enhances item-specific encoding and disrupts relational encoding: Evidence from multiple recall tests |
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Authors: | Neil W Mulligan |
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Institution: | Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA. mulligan@mail.smu.edu |
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Abstract: | Interfering with perception during encoding can enhance later memory, a phenomenon known as the perceptual interference effect. This effect is investigated in the context of the item-specific-relational framework (e.g., Hunt & McDaniel, 1993), which suggests that the perceptual interference enhances item-specific encoding and impedes relational encoding. Two experiments performed with multiple recall tests support this view. Prior research indicates that item-specific processing increases item gains across tests, whereas relational processing protects against item losses (e.g., Burns, 1993; Klein, Loftus, Kihlstrom, & Aseron, 1989). Consistent with the item-specific-relational framework, perceptual interference produced significant increases in both item gains and losses relative to a control condition. |
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