认知作业年老化的比较研究

用言语—操作和人机对话两种方式完成１２项认知作业年老化比较研究，被试２４２人，４６－７５岁。结果表明：（１）一些作业（符号数字、视觉数字广度、听觉数字广度、词对联想学习、图象自由回忆和无意图形再认）成绩随年老明显下降，另一些作业（图象分类、卡片分类、心算和矩阵填图）成绩不随年老明显降低；（２）再次验证心算、符号数字、数字鉴别和计数四项非词语性作业速度随年老进行性减慢。

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON COGNITIVE TASKS IN AGING

A comparative study on the cognitive pattern of 12 tasks in aging was accomplished by using the methods of language-operation and man-computer interaction in 242 subjects of 46 to 75 years of age.The results indicated:1) Some cognitive performances decreased obviously with age,such as symbol-digit, visual digit span, auditory digit span,pairedassociation learning,free recall of picture and recognition of meaningless figure But other cognitive performances did not decrease with age, such as picture classification,card classification,arithmetic and progressive matrices.2) It was examined that the cognitive speed of 4 nonlexical tasks slowed down progressively with age,these tasks were arithmetic,symbol-digit,digit discrimination and count.