Congruity influences memory and judgments of learning during survival processing |
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Authors: | Christopher C Palmore Arturo D Garcia L Paige Bacon Courtney A Johnson William L Kelemen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA;(2) Department of Psychology, Texas State University, 601 University Drive, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA; |
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Abstract: | A recent line of research has suggested that memory systems evolved to encode fitness-relevant information more effectively
than other types of information—a phenomenon known as the “survival processing effect” (Nairne, Thompson, & Pandeirada Journal
of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition 33:263–273, 2007). However, the basis for the effect has been debated. In addition, it is unknown whether or not individuals will adjust their
judgments of learning (JOLs) to reflect the survival processing effect. In three experiments, participants rated 16 words
for their relevance to a survival scenario and another 16 words for their relevance to a bank robbery scenario. In Experiment
1A (with no JOLs), the survival processing effect emerged; in Experiment 1B (with JOLs), no survival processing effect emerged,
but JOLs were higher in the survival condition. In both cases, these findings were confounded by higher relevance ratings
in the survival condition. In Experiment 2, relevance was manipulated within each list, and the survival processing effect
was eliminated. Instead, both recall and JOL magnitude were related to level of congruity between the words and type of processing.
Together, these results provide further evidence for the role of congruity in the survival processing effect and JOLs. |
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