无语境条件下汉语词类歧义词的意义激活

以单字词为实验材料，采用启动命名任务，在孤立词条件下考察了汉语词类歧义词不同意义激活的时间进程特点。实验发现，歧义词的两种意义都能被激活，但主要意义激活得较早，次要意义激活速度较慢；当两种意义都激活之后，次要意义的激活水平降低，而主要意义仍维持在一定激活水平。结果表明，汉语词类歧义词的多重激活过程会受到意义相对频率的影响。

MEANING ACTIVATION OF CHINESE SYNTACTIC CATEGORY AMBIGUOUS WORDS IN ISOLATION

Understanding the nature of lexical access for ambiguous words has been the aim of many psycholinguistic studies in the past two decades. The principle issue concerns whether all meanings of an ambiguous word are activated at the same time or ordered and selective access is led by meaning frequency and context. In lexical decision task, Zhang et al. (1999) had found that meaning access of Chinese homographs is mainly affected by the relative frequency of meanings, and referential sentence context had no effect on the access of homograph's subordinate meaning. Using a primed naming task, the present study examined the time course of meaning activation of Chinese syntactic category ambiguous words in isolation In four SOAs (43, 84, 200 and 400ms), subjects named target single character words that were semantic related to the more frequent or less frequent meaning of an ambiguous single character prime. The results showed that two meanings of ambiguous words were both activated, with the dominant meaning retrieved earlier than the subordinate meaning. After initial activation, the less frequent meaning became less active, while the dominant meaning maintained a high level of activation. It was suggested that relative frequency played an important role in the multiple activation process of Chinese syntactic category ambiguous words.