Reorganised motor control strategies of trunk muscles due to acute low back pain |
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| Affiliation: | 1. MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 9, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Current Address: Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave W, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada;1. Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Italy;2. Institute of Clinical Research, Computed Assisted Robotic Surgery Lab, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium;3. Institute of Applied Mechanics (Civil Engineering), Chair II Continuum Biomechanics and Mechanobiology Research Group, University of Stuttgart, Germany;4. Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Germany;5. Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK;1. Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany;2. Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology (BFNT) Göttingen, Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience, University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany;1. CCRE Spine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072 Australia;2. SHRS, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Physiotherapy Department, Royal Brisbane and Womens Hospital, Brisbane, 4072 Australia |
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| Abstract: | This study assessed how the low back motor control strategies were affected by experimental pain. In twelve volunteers the right m. longissimus was injected by hypertonic and isotonic (control) saline. The pain intensity was assessed on a visual analog scale (VAS). Subjects were seated on a custom-designed chair including a 3-dimensional force sensor adjusted to the segmental height of T1. Electromyography (EMG) was recorded bilaterally from longissimus, multifidus, rectus abdominis, and external oblique muscles. Isometric trunk extensions were performed before, during, and after the saline injections at 5%, 10%, and 20% of maximum voluntary contraction force. Visual feedback of the extension force was provided whereas the tangential force components were recorded. Compared with isotonic saline, VAS scores were higher following hypertonic saline injections (P < .01). Experimental low back pain reduced the EMG activity bilaterally of the rectus abdominis muscles during contractions at 10% and 20% MVC (P < .01) although force accuracy and tangential force variability was not affected. Increased variability in the tangential force composition was found during pain compared with the non-painful condition (P < .05). The immediate adaptation to pain was sufficient to maintain the quality of the task performance; however the long-term consequence of such adaptation is unknown and may overload other structures. |
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| Keywords: | Experimental muscle pain EMG Isometric force Three-dimensional force variability |
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