加强医学伦理审查体系建设的医学人道主义反思

好的伦理治理需要好的伦理审查、好的伦理组织和好的伦理委员。伦理审查是对涉及人的研究的科学性与伦理性进行审查，其中存在技术话语与伦理话语两套体系，分别代表着医学人道主义的两个方面。其中后者居于主导地位，二者应当统一于伦理话语。伦理审查的认知基础、价值观念、问题分析、问题处理和评价反思均应体现人道主义的要求。风险和受益的计算同样如此。伦理审查活动是人道主义的实践过程，需要体现科技发展与维护人的尊严融合的伦理治理理念；形成科技创新与人文关怀融合的伦理审查机制；建立科学精神与人文精神融合的伦理教育体系。

Reflection on Medical Humanism in Strengthening the Construction of Medical Ethics Review System

Effective ethical governance requires robust ethical review, ethical organizations, and ethical committees. Ethical review involves assessing the scientific and ethical aspects of research involving human subjects, with two systems: technical discourse and ethical discourse, representing two aspects of medical humanitarianism. The latter occupies a dominant position, and the two should be unified within ethical discourse. The cognitive foundation, values, problem analysis, problem resolution, and evaluation reflection of ethical review should all reflect the requirements of humanitarianism. This applies equally to the calculation of risks and benefits. Ethical review activity is a humanitarian practice process that needs to reflect the ethical governance concept of integrating technological development with the maintenance of human dignity. This necessitates the establishment of an ethical review mechanism that integrates technological innovation and humanistic care, along with the creation of an ethical education system that integrates scientific and humanistic spirit.