《孟子》对戴震《原善》的影响

《孟子》在义理和话语两方面深深影响到戴震的《原善》。戴震将《易传》的“继善成性”与孟子的性善论区别为两个问题，前者是泛论，后者专论人性。受孟子断言“天之生物使之一本”的鼓舞，戴震严厉批评宋儒所谓性分义理、气质两种的学说犯了“二本”的错误。《原善》关于心的论述，关于“仁义礼智圣”和“条理”话语的使用，都鲜明表现出《孟子》的启发和影响。

Impacts of Works of Mencius on Yuan Shan by Dai Zhen

Works of Mencius has deep influence on both philosophy and discourse of the book Yuan Shan by Dai Zhen .Dai Zhen distinguished the idea of “inheriting goodness and integrating it with na-ture”in Yi Zhuan from the good nature in Mencius’ doctrine ,believing that the former to be general while the latter specific in human nature .Inspired by Mencius’ assertion of “Heaven grants one root in all creatures” ,Dai Zhen criticized Zhang Zai ,Cheng Yi and Zhu Xi’s believing in “two roots” as they distinguished nature from heaven and nature by air as “having two roots”.Yuan Shan’s elabora-tion on“heart”and its use of “ren ,yi ,li ,zhi ,sheng”and“tiaoli”showed obvious inspiration and in-fluence from Works of Mencius .