Effects of different swimming race constraints on turning movements |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Madrid Swimming Federation, C/ José Martinez Velasco, 3, 28007 Madrid, Spain;2. Technical University of Madrid, Health and Human Performance Department, C/ Martín Fierro, 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain;1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Radiology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea;1. Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom;2. University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Southampton, United Kingdom;3. Department of Respiratory Sciences, Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, University of Leicester, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, United Kingdom;4. Departments of Paediatrics and Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia Centre, Imperial College and Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom;5. UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, United Kingdom;6. National Institute of Health Research Design Service South Central, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom;7. Scottish Centre for Respiratory Research, Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom;1. Department of Automation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing, Ministry of Education of China, Shanghai 200240, PR China;2. College of Automation Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different swimming race constraints on the evolution of turn parameters. One hundred and fifty-eight national and regional level 200-m (meters) male swimming performances were video-analyzed using the individualized-distance model in the Open Comunidad de Madrid tournament. Turn (p < .001, ES = 0.36) and underwater distances (p < .001, ES = 0.38) as well as turn velocity (p < .001, ES = 0.69) significantly dropped throughout the race, although stroke velocity and underwater velocity were maintained in the last lap of the race (p > .05). Higher expertise swimmers obtained faster average velocities and longer distances in all the turn phases (p < .001, ES = 0.59), except the approach distance. In addition, national level swimmers showed the ability to maintain most of the turn parameters throughout the race, which assisted them in improving average velocity at the end of races. Therefore, the variations in the turning movements of a swimming race were expertise-related and focused on optimizing average velocity. Turning skills should be included in the swimming race action plan. |
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| Keywords: | Kinematic analysis Underwater Performance Skill |
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