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WHEN MORE PAIN IS PREFERRED TO LESS:
Authors:Daniel Kahneman  Barbara L. Fredrickson  Charles A. Schreiber  Donald A. Redelmeier
Affiliation:University of California;Duke University;University of Toronto
Abstract:Abstract— Subjects were exposed to two aversive experiences: in the short trial, they immersed one hand in water at 14°C for 60 s; in the long trial, they immersed the other hand at 14°C for 60 s, then kept the hand in the water 30 s longer as the temperature of the water was gradually raised to 15°C, still painful but distinctly less so for most subjects. Subjects were later given a choice of which trial to repeat. A significant majority chose to repeat the long trial, apparently preferring more pain over less. The results add to other evidence suggesting that duration plays a small role in retrospective evaluations of aversive experiences; such evaluations are often dominated by the discomfort at the worst and at the final moments of episodes.
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