Effects of Signaled Positive Reinforcement on Problem Behavior Maintained by Negative Reinforcement |
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Authors: | Kelly M Schieltz David P Wacker Patrick W Romani |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Educational, School and Counseling Psychology,University of Missouri,Columbia,USA;2.Stead Family Department of Pediatrics,The University of Iowa Children’s Hospital,Iowa City,USA;3.Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry,University of Colorado School of Medicine and Children’s Hospital Colorado,Denver,USA |
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Abstract: | We evaluated the effects of providing positive reinforcement for task completion, signaled via the presence of a tangible item, on escape-maintained problem behavior displayed by three typically developing children during one-time 90-min outpatient evaluations. Brief functional analyses of problem behavior, conducted within a multielement design, identified negative reinforcement. Treatment, conducted within a nonconcurrent multiple baseline with reversal design, consisted of a signal for positive reinforcement while continuing to permit escape for problem behavior, thus creating a competition between positive and negative reinforcement. For all participants, problem behavior decreased. |
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