2～4岁儿童对"大""小"空间形容词词义掌握的研究

本研究以2～4儿童为研究对象。在自然实验条件下，通过精心设计的四项实验，得出结论：2岁儿童还未了解大小词义；2．5岁儿童能判别当前两同类物体的大小；3岁儿童能对两同类物体的大小相对性比较；4岁儿童能掌握不同类物体间大小的搭配；4岁儿童9成能掌握人与物间相对大小的匹配，但仅一半儿童掌握三个同类物体同时比较时大小相对关系，即4岁儿童还未对“大”“小”词义完全掌握。实验表明儿童掌握“大”“小”空间形容词是由易到难，由浅到深，由绝对禁止到相对灵活，由以自我为中心到以外界为中心。

The Research of the Grasp of the Adjective Space ACceptation of "Big" & "Small" about 2- to 4-year-old Enfants

Under the condition of natural experiment and through 4 elaborate -designed experiments, we get the result that 2-year-old enfants cannot understand big & small acceptation; 2.5-year-old enfants can distinguish big & small from two same objects; 3-year-old enfants can compare relatively big & small with two same objects; 4-year-old enfants can grasp big & small among different objects arranged in groups; 90% of 4-year-old enfants can grasp big & small matched between people and objects, but only half of the enfants can grasp big & small relatively connection, that means 4-year-old enfants have not mastered the entireness of big & small acceptation. The experiments indicate that when enfants grasp the big & small acception, it follows the rule that they master them from easy to difficult as well as from simple to complicated, from utterly prohibitation to relatively agility, from self-centered to impersonality.