Motivational–cognitive profiles of learners: Cluster movement |
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Institution: | 1. The Ohio State University at Newark, Department of Psychology, Box 870348, Newark, Ohio 43055, USA;2. The University of Hawaii 2500 Campus Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA;3. 700 University Ave, Monroe, LA 71209, USA |
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Abstract: | The present study was designed to identify the motivational–cognitive profiles of students in Singapore secondary schools using cluster movement. Five distinct motivated strategies for learning (MSL) profiles based on a sample of 304 students were revealed: those with low levels of motivational beliefs and cognition but high anxiety (Poor MSL); high motivational beliefs and cognition but low anxiety (Good MSL); moderate high motivational beliefs, cognition and anxiety (Average MSL); high motivational beliefs, cognition and anxiety (High MSL); and low motivational beliefs, cognition and anxiety (Low MSL). Findings of this study also showed cluster movement across two time points, revealing the shifts in cluster membership in terms of motivational–cognitive profiles over time. Students in Good MSL demonstrated the most adaptive learning profile and achieved the highest grades than other clusters. Our findings contributed to practical underpinnings of educational research as well as provided meaningful insights to both researchers and practitioners. |
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Keywords: | Cluster movement Cognition Motivational beliefs Profiles Secondary schools |
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