Anxiety and intertemporal decision making: The effect of the behavioral inhibition system and the moderation effects of trait anxiety on both state anxiety and socioeconomic status |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Sogang University, Republic of Korea;2. Center for Vital Longevity, The University of Texas at Dallas, United States;1. Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;3. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA;4. Information Center, National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China;5. Department of Youth Work, China Youth University for Political Sciences, Beijing, China;6. Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia;1. School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, China;2. School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, China;3. Department of Computer Science, National University of Ireland, Ireland;4. Department of Applied Psychology, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, No. 2 North Baiyun Avenue, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510420, China |
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| Abstract: | Based on Gray's theory, which links the behavioral inhibition motivation system (BIS) to the personality trait of “anxiety”, the present study examined whether anxiety (trait vs. state), BIS sensitivity, and family socioeconomic status in childhood (SES) had an interactive or independent impact on intertemporal decision-making processes. The study also investigated whether participants with high trait anxiety had a significantly different choice preference on the immediate but smaller (SS) rewards over the larger but delayed (LL) rewards. Participants (N = 108) were randomly assigned to either the anxiety or the control condition. Results showed that people with a higher BIS score tended to choose less SS rewards. Trait anxiety was found to moderate both state anxiety and childhood SES to influence intertemporal decision processes. We further found high or low trait anxiety significantly influenced people's choice preference. Speculations on the psychological meanings of the findings were discussed from the perspective of biased risk perception. Limitations and implications were also discussed. |
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