When murder is not enough: Toward a new definition of community violence |
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| Affiliation: | 1. SINTEF Fisheries and aquaculture, Brattørkaia 17c, N-7010 Trondheim, Norway;2. Norwegian College of Fishery Science, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;1. F.R.S.-FNRS, University of Paris 1, UMR 7041 “ArScAn” – Ethnologie préhistorique, University of Liège, Prehistory Department, Place du 20-Août, 7 (Bat. A1), 4000 Liège, Belgium;2. University of Toulouse – Jean Jaurès, UMR 5608 “TRACES”, Maison de la Recherche, 5, allée Antonio Machado, 31058 Toulouse, France;3. University of Rennes 2, UMR 6566 “CReAAH”, Laboratory of Archaeology and History Merlat, Place du Recteur Henri Le Moal, 35043 Rennes cedex, France;1. Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Microbiology Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Academic Medical Center—University of Amsterdam, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;3. Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;1. Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK;2. Imperial College, London, UK;3. University of Bristol, Bristol, UK;4. Monash University, Melbourne, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Homicide classification is classic criminological preoccupation, but criminology and criminal justice are only really ever concerned with the willful kind, which are murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. Other disciplines, such as epidemiology, do not operate such a differentiation and consider all homicides together, as one type of death, a violent one. This study adopts a broader, epidemiological approach to homicide, in order to understand classification effects at the death certification level. In order to achieve this goal, this article presents a procedural analysis of the classification of violent deaths based on systematic observations conducted in a medical examiner's office in an urban area. The ethnographic data show the many different procedural stages leading to death classification. They also uncover the complex web of informal rules, individual influences, institutional limitations, etc., making the classification system based more on “degrees of certainty” rather than a “true/false” statement. |
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