Perceptual identification across the life span: a dissociation of early gains and late losses |
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Authors: | Florian Waszak Werner X Schneider Shu-Chen Li Bernhard Hommel |
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Institution: | Laboratoire Psychologie de la Perception (UMR CNRS 8158), Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. |
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Abstract: | The age-correlated gains and losses in visual identification under backward pattern masking were studied in a representative
sample of 226 individuals ranging from 6 to 88 years of age. Participants identified masked symbols at leisure under high
and low stimulus quality and at varying Stimulus Onset Asynchronies. Performance increased from childhood to early adulthood
and then decreased, describing the common inverted U-shaped function. However, measures of general processing speed accounted
for the gains in childhood and adolescence but not for losses in older age. This asymmetry between child development and aging
is inconsistent with general-factor lifespan theories of cognitive development and suggests that specific mechanisms underlying
visual identification during child development and aging are different. |
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