A complex systems perspective on psychedelic brain action |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada;2. Department of Informatics, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK;3. Centre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Science, Imperial College London, London, UK;4. Centre for Complexity Science, Imperial College London, London, UK;5. Centre for Eudaimonia and Human Flourishing, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;6. Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK;7. Neuroscape, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA;1. Neuroscience Institute and Psychology Department, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;2. Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA;1. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy;1. School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK;1. Department of Experimental Psychology & All Souls College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;1. Laboratoire d’Étude des Mécanismes Cognitifs, Université de Lyon, 5 avenue Pierre Mendès France, 69676 Bron Cedex, France;2. Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 5, France;3. IRCCS Synlab SDN S.p.A., Via Emanuele Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy;4. Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, LPC, 3 Place Victor Hugo, 13331 Marseille, France;1. Department of Cognitive Psychology, Universität Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 5, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;2. Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Recent findings suggesting the potential transdiagnostic efficacy of psychedelic-assisted therapy have fostered the need to deepen our understanding of psychedelic brain action. Functional neuroimaging investigations have found that psychedelics reduce the functional segregation of large-scale brain networks. However, beyond this general trend, findings have been largely inconsistent. We argue here that a perspective based on complexity science that foregrounds the distributed, interactional, and dynamic nature of brain function may render these inconsistencies intelligible. We propose that psychedelics induce a mode of brain function that is more dynamically flexible, diverse, integrated, and tuned for information sharing, consistent with greater criticality. This ‘meta’ perspective has the potential to unify past findings and guide intuitions toward compelling mechanistic models. |
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