不同地塞米松给药方法对芬太尼咳嗽反射的研究

探讨不同地塞米松给药方法对芬太尼咳嗽反射抑制的效果。选择200例全麻患者分为四组，按不同方法静脉注射地塞米松。诱导时芬太尼用量为5Mg·kg。观察各组患者出现咳嗽的例数和强度变化以及心率（HR）、平均动脉血压（MAP）、脉搏氧饱和度（SpO2）、脑电双频谱指数（BIS）的变化。结果显示，提前15min静注地塞米松组（Ⅰ组）咳嗽发生率为8％，与其他组有显著性差异。静注芬太尼2min时段Ⅰ组的HR、MAP和BIS与其他组相比有显著性差异。组内发生咳嗽反射患者HR、MAP明显升高，BIS值也有所回升。认为预先15min静脉注射地塞米松更有效降低麻醉诱导期间芬太尼所致咳嗽反射的发生。

Different Methods of Administration of Dexamethasone for Fentanyl-- Cough Reflex

To invesligate the inhibitive effects of different ways of administration of Dexamethasone for fentanyl--eough reflex, two hundred patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into four groups, according to different methods of administration of Dexamethasone. The dosage of Fentanyl was 5μg· kg^-1. Fentanyl was given within twenty seconds. Cough incidence and cough grade of each group were recorded. HR,MAP,Sp（）2 and BIS were recorded and measured perioperatively . The results showed that cough rate of group I that Dexamethasone was given by intravenous injection 15rain before induction was 8 percent and distinctly lower than other groups（P〈0.05）. HR, MAP and BIS of group Ⅰ were significantly different compared with those of other groups at 2rain after fentanyl administration （ P 〈0.05）. HR, MAP and I3IS of patients with cough reflex were distinctly higher than those of other groups （P~0.05）. The way that 10rag dexamethasone was given 15rain before induction more effectively reduce the rate of fentanyl cough reflex during the induction of anesthesia.