Revisiting the self-interest versus values debate: The role of temporal perspective |
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| Authors: | Corrie V. Hunt Anita Kim Eugene Borgida Shelly Chaiken |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, United States;2. Berkeley, CA, United States;1. School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, QLD, Australia;2. Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Division of Earth Science & Resource Engineering, PO Box 883, Kenmore, QLD 4069, Australia;1. Imperial College Business School, Imperial College of London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom;2. Brandeis University International Business School, 415 South Street, MS 032, MA 02454, USA;3. Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU Vienna), Welthandelsplatz 1, Building D1, A-1020 Vienna, Austria;1. Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China;2. School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;3. Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA;1. School of Undergraduate Studies, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea;3. Undergraduate School Administration Team, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea |
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| Abstract: | Scholars of public opinion have struggled to explain why people often vote against their economic self-interest in favor of a value-based rationale. Based on Construal Level Theory (Liberman, Trope, & Stephan, 2007), we argue that both values and material self-interest affect social and political attitudes, but in different temporal contexts. Specifically, because material self-interest is more concrete and applicable to everyday concerns, we predict that it should carry more weight with regard to judgments made in the context of the near future. In contrast, values, which are more abstract by nature, should carry greater weight for judgments made in the distant future. In an experimental test of this hypothesis, we presented participants with a fictitious policy that affected their pocketbooks in an otherwise value-laden domain. We found that people's financial self-interest more strongly predicted attitudes toward a proposal to increase tuition in the near condition, whereas antiegalitarian values more strongly predicted attitudes in the far condition. These findings offer new insights into the symbolic politics debate. |
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