1923年日本关东大地震后医疗救援与疫病防控

关东大地震是工业时代城市区域罕见的巨型灾害，严重破坏了受灾地的医疗系统。巨灾损坏了城市生命线工程和公共卫生体系，扰乱了城市生活秩序，阻碍了医疗救援的实施。日本动员了多层力量，包括军队、警察、当地政府、红十字会及其他救援队，实施了医疗救援。此外，建立传染病监控机制，强化公共卫生管理，加强对民众的防疫教育。通过医疗救援，恢复和重建了灾区的医疗系统，为疫病防控赢得了主动权。关东大地震后的医疗救援和疫病防控是近代灾害医疗的大规模实践，尽管存在诸多问题，但也促进了公共卫生治理和灾害危机管理体系的完善。

Medical Rescue and Epidemic Prevention and Control after the Great Kanto Earthquake in Japan

The Great Kanto Earthquake was a rare mega-disaster in urban areas in the industrial era. The medical system suffered serious damage. The catastrophe disrupted the urban lifeline and public health systems, leading to disorder in urban life and hindering the implementation of medical rescue efforts. Japan mobilized various forces, including the military, police, local governments, the Red Cross and other rescue teams. Post-disaster epidemic prevention measures included establishing a mechanism for monitoring and reporting infectious diseases, strengthening public health management, and strengthening public education on epidemic prevention. By mobilizing medical resources for assistance throughout the country, the medical system in the disaster-stricken areas was restored, which was helpful for epidemic prevention. The medical rescue and epidemic prevention after the Great Kanto Earthquake was a large-scale practice of disaster medical treatment in modern society. Despite various challenges, it also contributed to the improvement of public health governance and the disaster crisis management system.