医疗风险决策的自我他人差异及其影响因素

从心理学的层面梳理医疗风险决策自我他人差异的表现及影响因素，狭义的医疗风险是患者在医疗服务的过程中因为医疗过失导致的损害等不安全事件，而广义的医疗风险包含了患者受到的伤害和整个医疗卫生体系受到的损失。在实际的医疗决策中，医生、家属和患者三方通常会做出不同的决策并且伴随着其立场的合理性，决策时也会受到决策框架和医疗决策模式等多方面的影响，可以采用解释水平理论、社会价值理论和双系统理论对不同决策主体之间的决策差异进行解释。未来可以从真实的医疗情境、个人特质、文化差异等方面进行深入研究。

Self-others Differences in Medical Risk Decisions and Influencing Factors

Based on the psychological discipline, this paper sorted out the performance and influencing factors of self-others differences in medical risk decision-making in previous studies. The narrow sense of medical risk refers to the unsafe incidents such as the damage caused by the patient's medical negligence in the process of medical service, while the broad sense of medical risk includes the injury suffered by the patient and the loss suffered by the entire healthcare system. In the actual medical decision-making, doctors, family members and patients usually make different decisions, and with the rationality of their positions, decision-making will also be influenced by decision-making framework and medical decision-making model, which can be explained by interpretation level theory, social value theory and dual system theory. Future research could focus on real medical situation, and personal traits, and cultural differences, etc.