Metaphor interpretation and reading ability in adults

Sixteen metaphors in the form of propositions linking two nouns and an adjective were presented to a group of normal readers (N=22) and to a group of poor readers (N=20). It was hypothesized that the normal readers would demonstrate a superior level of interpretation and a more advanced level of language use in explaining the metaphors. No differences were found for level of interpretation but normal readers used more abstract/psychological referents and poor readers more concrete/sensory referents in their explanations. The implications are discussed in terms of language development and the acquisition of reading skills.