宋以后中国社会的宗族伦理

先秦时期的儒家伦理是一种精英伦理，这种伦理存在着普遍性的问题。从宋代开始的中国后期社会，中国社会的伦理始以真正基层伦理亦即家族或宗族伦理的形式出现，由此而具有普遍性的意义，并且，它在一定程度上与亚伯拉罕系统的宗教伦理及其普遍性是相当的。具体来说，这一伦理的实现或展开是以宗族为平台，在此平台上，通过族规以立伦理，通过守则以呈伦理，通过强制以行伦理，通过教育以养伦理。

Clan Ethics of Chinese Society since the Song Dynasty

the Confucianism ethics in the Early Qin period was an elite ethics that had the problem of generalization. In the late Chinese society after the Song Dynasty, the ethics in China came out in the form of a real grass - root ethics or the clan ethics, therefore it had the significant of generalization. Moreover, this ethics was similar to the religious ethics and its generalization to some contents in the Abraham system. In a more concrete way the realization and unfolding of this ethics was in an arena of clan on which the ethics was established through the code of clan. It was through observing the code to reflect the ethics, through enforcement to implement the ethics, and through education to cultivate ethics.