| 学业优秀者和学业不良者的倒摄抑制比较 ——从结构化和非结构化角度 |
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| 引用本文： | 蒋杭英. 学业优秀者和学业不良者的倒摄抑制比较 ——从结构化和非结构化角度[J]. 心理科学, 2011, 34(4): 882-888 |
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| 作者姓名： | 蒋杭英 |
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| 作者单位： | 杭州长河高级中学 |
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| 摘 要： | 以汉字为实验材料,以学业优秀者和学业不良者为被试,探讨学习材料的结构化和非结构化性质对倒摄抑制产生的影响,以及两类学生学习两类材料时的倒摄抑制差异。并通过指导语,逐步揭示结构化材料中的规则,迫使被试采用有效的学习策略,来观察倒摄抑制的变化情况。结果表明:一、与非结构化材料相比,学习结构化材料表现出更好的记忆绩效,但未发现两者对倒摄抑制的不同影响;二、和学优者相比,学业不良者的记忆绩效较差,倒摄抑制值也较大;三、对材料规则的提示会促进学业不良学生的记忆绩效,降低倒摄抑制,但对学习优秀者的影响不大;四、一些汉字识别特征影响倒摄抑制,如当干扰项和目标项构形相同时,会降低倒摄抑制。
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| 关 键 词： | 倒摄抑制 学业不良 汉字识别 学习策略 |
| 收稿时间： | 2010-12-20 |
The Differential Effect of The Structure of Learning Material on RI Between the Problem Student and the Excellent Student |
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| Jiang Hangying. The Differential Effect of The Structure of Learning Material on RI Between the Problem Student and the Excellent Student[J]. Psychological Science, 2011, 34(4): 882-888 |
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| Authors: | Jiang Hangying |
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| Affiliation: | Jiang Hangying (Hangzhou Changhe Senior High Schoo,Hongzhou,310012) |
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| Abstract: | There were two articles about the diffrerential effect of the structure of learning material on Retroactive interference(RI).with opposing conclusions.Mirman & Spivey(2001,Connection Science.13: 257 - 275) reported on behavioural results that show more RI for the subjects exposed to 'Structured' items than for those exposed to 'Unstructured' items.Using the same paradigm but controlling for proactive interference, Serban et al(2004,Connection Science,16,101 - 118 ) found the opposite pattern of results,that... |
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| Keywords: | Retroactive interference Learning disability Identification of Chinese characters Learning strateg |
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