The dark side of incremental learning: A model of cumulative semantic interference during lexical access in speech production |
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| Authors: | Gary M. Oppenheim Gary S. Dell Myrna F. Schwartz |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, 405 North Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;2. Moss Rehabilitation Research Institute, 1200 West Tabor Road, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA;1. Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy;2. Queen Margaret University, Musselburgh, UK;3. Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy;4. Human Cognitive Neuroscience and Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK;1. Department of Psychology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany;2. Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany;1. Center of Brain and Cognition, CBC, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;2. Laboratoire de Psychology Cognitive, CNRS – Universite Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France;3. Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Budapest, Hungary;4. Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, BCBL, Donostia, Spain;5. IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain;6. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain;1. Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LPC UMR 7290, Marseille 13001, France;2. Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm, INS UMR_S 1106, Marseille 13005, France;3. APHM, Centre Hospitalier de la Timone, Marseille 13005, France;1. Department of Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, 16 University Avenue, NSW 2109, Australia;2. Cognitive Sciences, Department of Linguistics, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany;3. International Doctorate for Experimental Approaches to Language and Brain (IDEALAB): Universities of Potsdam (DE), Groningen (NL), Newcastle (UK) and Macquarie University, Sydney (AU), Australia |
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| Abstract: | Naming a picture of a dog primes the subsequent naming of a picture of a dog (repetition priming) and interferes with the subsequent naming of a picture of a cat (semantic interference). Behavioral studies suggest that these effects derive from persistent changes in the way that words are activated and selected for production, and some have claimed that the findings are only understandable by positing a competitive mechanism for lexical selection. We present a simple model of lexical retrieval in speech production that applies error-driven learning to its lexical activation network. This model naturally produces repetition priming and semantic interference effects. It predicts the major findings from several published experiments, demonstrating that these effects may arise from incremental learning. Furthermore, analysis of the model suggests that competition during lexical selection is not necessary for semantic interference if the learning process is itself competitive. |
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