Infants use rational decision criteria for choosing among models of their input |
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| Authors: | LouAnn Gerken |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok krt. 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary;2. Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Izabella u. 46, Budapest H-1064, Hungary;3. Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, M?egyetem rkp. 3-9, Budapest H-1111, Hungary;1. Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Genomics, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy;2. Fondazione IRCCS SDN, 80143 Napoli, Italy;3. Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery and “SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona – Schola Medica Salernitana” Hospital of the University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy;4. Pediatric Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, University of Padova, Italy;5. Deparment of Pediatrics DPMSC, University of Udine, Udine, Italy;6. Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy;7. Department of Pediatrics, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy;8. Molecular Pathology and Medical Genomics, “SS. Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d’Aragona – Schola Medica Salernitana” Hospital of the University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy;1. Department of Cognitive Developmental Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Göttingen, Leibniz-Science Campus Primate Cognition, Germany;2. Department of Developmental Psychology and Educational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Germany |
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| Abstract: | Previous work demonstrated that 9-month-olds who were familiarized with 3-syllable strings consistent with both a broader (AAB or ABA) and narrower (AAdi or AdiA) generalization made only the latter. Because the narrower generalization is a subset of the broader one, any example that is consistent with the broader generalization but not the narrower one should allow a rational learner to select the broader generalization. The current experiment asked whether infants show evidence of being such learners. Infants who heard the stimuli that previously led to the narrower generalization plus three counterexamples mixed into the last five stimuli made the broader generalization at test. A control condition ruled out the possibility that infants based their generalization on the last five familiarization stimuli. The new findings suggest that infants effectively consider multiple competing models for their input and use rational decision criteria for selecting among these models. |
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