小学儿童的尊重观念及其发展

以开放式尊重观念问卷对小学三到六年级儿童进行集体施测研究儿童的尊重观念,结果发现：(1)小学儿童认为尊重就是有礼貌，尊重对象的特征和尊重原因都是要求对方品质好或学习好。尊重的对象既有长辈又有同辈，提到尊重同辈的显著多于只尊重长辈的。不同的人际背景下，儿童的尊重观念不一致。(2)小学儿童的尊重观念具有显著的发展特征，表现出从单向尊重到双向尊重的发展趋势。不同人际关系下的尊重观念的发展特征不同,对父母和老师的尊重主要为单向尊重，对朋友的尊重主要为双向尊重。(3)小学儿童的尊重观念具有显著的性别差异。

The Conception of Respect and Its Development in Childhood

Children from Grades 3 through 6 completed an open ques tionnaire on the conception of respect in primary school children. The results showed: (1) Pr imary school c hildren thought respecting others was being polite to others. The characteristi cs and reasons of respecting were either fine moral character or good academic achievem ent. They respected seniors but more children mentioned they also respected peer s. Children's conception of respect is different in different relationships. (2 ) Conception of respect showed a developmental characteristic in primary school students with the trend of developing from unilateral respect to dual respect, and it develope d differently in different interpersonal relationships. Their respect for paren ts and teachers was mainly unilateral respect while their respect for friends wa s mainl y mutual respect. (3) There were significant gender differences in children's co nception of respect.