妊娠期糖尿病管理策略

妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)是指妊娠期发生或首次发现的不同程度的糖代谢异常。未加控制的妊娠期高血糖可对母子产生极大的围产期和远期危害。妊娠后糖代谢发生明显变化妊娠期血糖的管理和控制与非孕期不同。GDM一经确诊,应及时干预,加强母儿监测,控制妊娠期血糖,以降低母儿并发症,改善围生儿结局;产后对母儿严密随访,异常者给予相应处理,以减少或延缓产妇在产后发展为成为2型糖尿病的可能及预防子代发生肥胖、高血压、糖尿病等代谢综合征的发生。

Management Strategy of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. Uncontrolled maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy can contribute to adverse perinataI and long-- term outcomes of mother and offspring. Due to the glucose metabolism changing in pregnancy, the management of blood glucose is different during pregnancy compared to non--pregnancy period. Once diagnosed with GDM, intervention should be timely given to strengthen mother and fetal monitoring and control glycemia during pregnancy, to reduces serious perinatal complications and improve the perinatal outcomes. After the end of pregnancy, mother and offspring should be closely followed up, to reduce the risk for mothers developing type 2diabetes in the future and to prevent offspring to develop obesity, hypertension and diabetes.