The impact of extended practice on rate of mental rotation |
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| Authors: | R Kail |
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| Institution: | 1. University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, United States;2. Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, United States;3. Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden;4. Ministry of Health, Republic of Seychelles, Seychelles;5. Ulster University, Coleraine, UK;6. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Industrial Management, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan;2. Department of International Trade, Chihlee Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | 9-, 13-, and 20-year-olds were tested on 3840 trials of a mental rotation task in which they judged if pairs of stimuli presented in different orientations were identical or mirror images. Response time increased linearly as a function of the difference in orientation of the stimuli, and the slope of this function was used to estimate rate of mental rotation. At all ages, mental rotation became faster over trials. Age differences in rate of mental rotation were eliminated after approximately 1500 trials. At all ages the influence of practice was well characterized by hyperbolic and power functions. Furthermore, children's and adolescents' data were well fit by hyperbolic and power functions in which most of the parameters of those functions were constrained to adults' values. These results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms underlying the impact of practice. |
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