类别与数量空间关系识别加工中的练习效应研究

本研究通过检测20名飞行员及其控制组的视觉空间关系识别中的认知加工水平，旨在探讨视觉空间关系识别中的类别关系和数量关系加工子系统所表现出的练习效应水平的高低。研究结果表明，在参与视觉空间关系判断的两个典型加工子系统中，负责数量(坐标)空间关系判断的加工子系统随系统训练而表现出功能增强的练习效应。相对而言，涉及类别空间关系判断的加工子系统则较少受到练习的影响。研究揭示，由于受大脑神经解剖结构特点以及加工任务性质的影响，练习效应在神经网络上的分布是不平衡的。相对于类别空间关系加工子系统，数量空间关系加工子系统更多地表现出了练习效应这一典型的认知神经加工特性。

Effects of Text Structure and Time Stress on Web Reading Performance

The processing levels of visuospatial relation encoding were tested in twenty pilots and controls to examine the practice effect in the two typical processing subsystems of categorical and metric relation encoding.The results indicated that among the two main subsystems involved in visuospatial relation encoding and judgment,there was a stronger practice effect and the corresponding function was improved with systematic training in the metric/coordinate subsystem of visuospatial relation encoding. In contrast , fewer practice effects on the function of subsystems concerning categorical subsystem in viusospatial relation encoding were found. The study suggested that influenced by some hereditary and intrinsic attributes of the brain nervous anatomic structure, the metric/coordinate subsystem showed a significant practice effect, while the property of categorical subsystems, however, relatively showed a cognitive stability or lower plasticity. The implication was further discussed from a high level visual processing theory developed by Kosslyn.