Birth order and its relationship to depression, anxiety, and self-concept test scores in children |
| |
| Authors: | L Gates M R Lineberger J Crockett J Hubbard |
| |
| Affiliation: | Department of Psychology, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, 39406-5025. |
| |
| Abstract: | Children (N = 404), 7 to 12 years old, were given the Children's Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale. First-born children scored significantly lower on depression than second-, third-, fourth-born, and youngest children. First borns showed significantly less trait anxiety than third-born children. First-born children also showed significantly higher levels of self-esteem than second-born and youngest children. Girls in this study showed significantly more trait anxiety than boys. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
|
|
