中英双语者情绪注意偏向中的双语优势效应

采用改进的点–探测范式，考察熟练双语者在情绪注意偏向中对情绪信息加工的优势效应及该效应产生的原因。采用2（熟练双语者和非熟练双语者）×3（靶刺激与消极词汇出现的位置一致、不一致和中性条件）×2（线索呈现时间为100 ms和400 ms）的混合实验设计，记录被试对靶子的按键反应时和错误率。结果发现：线索呈现100 ms和400 ms时，两组被试在注意定向分数上无显著差异；线索呈现100 ms时，两组被试的注意解除分数无显著差异；线索呈现400 ms时，熟练双语者的注意解除分数显著小于非熟练双语者。结果表明，在情绪注意偏向任务中，熟练双语者比非熟练双语者表现出了对情绪词汇信息更好的注意抑制控制能力，体现出对情绪信息加工的双语优势效应，产生这一优势效应的原因是熟练双语者在注意的晚期阶段比非熟练双语者具有更好的情绪信息注意解除能力。

Bilingual Advantage of Bilingualism in Emotional Attention Bias

We adopted an improved dot-probe paradigm to investigate the dominant?effect of information?processing during emotional attention bias for proficient bilinguals and the reason for such effect. A 2(proficient bilinguals vs. nonproficient bilinguals)×3(the position of target stimuli and negative words: consistency vs. inconsistency vs. neutral)×2(cues presentation time: 100ms vs. 400ms) mixed design was conducted, where the reaction times and error rates of target stimuli were recorded. The results revealed that there was no significant difference between proficient and nonproficient bilinguals in attention orienting scores when the presentation time of cues was 100ms and 400ms. There was also no significant difference between these two groups in attention disengagement scores when the presentation time of cues was 100ms. However, the attention disengagement scores of proficient bilinguals were significantly lower than those of nonproficient bilinguals when the presentation time of cues was 400ms. These results suggest that proficient bilinguals relative to nonproficient bilinguals show high-level ability in attentional inhibition control on emotional information during the attention bias task and exhibit the bilingual dominant?effect of emotional information?processing. The reason for this dominant effect could be that proficient bilinguals relative to nonproficient bilinguals have high-level ability in attention disengagement on emotional information in the late stage of attention.