Test difficulty and judgment bias |
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Authors: | Gregory Schraw Teresa Debacker Roedel |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska, 1313 Seaton Hall, 68588-0641, Lincoln, NE
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Abstract: | Two experiments tested the hypothesis that overconfidence in performance judgments is due to test- and person-driven errors. In Experiment 1, test difficulty accounted for the vast majority of variation in overconfidence when individuals judged items of varying difficulty within a homogeneous test. In Experiment 2, the severity of overconfidence did not differ between three unrelated tests once test difficulty was controlled. Both experiments supported the view that over-confidence is due largely to test difficulty. Some degree of overconfidence also occurred because individuals adopted a normatively high success criterion for judging their own test performance. |
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