Equanimity to Excess: Inhibiting the Expression of Negative Emotion is Associated with Depression Symptoms in Girls |
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Authors: | Kate Keenan Alison Hipwell Amanda Hinze Dara Babinski |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Psychiatry MC 3077, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;(2) Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA |
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Abstract: | Emotion dysregulation is often invoked as an important construct for understanding risk for psychopathology, but specificity
of domains of emotion regulation in clinically relevant research is often lacking. In the present study Gross’ (2001) model of emotion regulation is used to generate hypotheses regarding the relative contribution of two specific types of
deficits in emotion regulation, inhibited and disinhibited expression of negative emotion, to individual differences in depressive
symptoms in preadolescent girls. A sample of 232 9-year-old girls was recruited from a community based study. Depression symptoms
were assessed via diagnostic interview. The mother and interviewer rated the girl’s level of impairment. Questionnaires and
observations were used to assess inhibited and disinhibited expression of negative emotion. Differences in inhibited expression
of negative emotion typically explained more variance in depressive symptoms and impairment across informants than did disinhibited
expression of negative emotion. Although disinhibited expression of negative emotion is associated with depression and impairment,
inhibited expression appeared to be a necessary ingredient, suggesting that inhibited expression may be a particularly relevant
deficit in emotion regulation in the development of depression in females. |
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Keywords: | Depression Girls Emotion expression Inhibition |
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