3—6岁不同民族儿童颜色命名发展的比较

该文报告了我国大陆地区的汉族、蒙族、维族、壮族、白族及哈尼族3-6岁儿童的颜色命名发展的水平与差异。采用8种常见色片，即红、橙、黄、绿、蓝、紫及黑、白作为本实验用色样。结果表明：6个不同民族儿童的颜色正确命名率均随年龄增长而提高，不同民族儿童的颜色正确命名率存在一定差异。从总平均结果值来看，汉族儿童正确命名率为75．7％，蒙族为74．9％，哈尼族为59．8％，壮族为57．8％，白族为56．3％，维族为42．9％。对不同颜色的正确命名难易程度是不同的，但总的发展趋势是一致的，正确命名颜色的先后发展次序是：先是黑色、红色、白色，然后是黄色和绿色，再后是蓝色，最后是紫色与橙色。对儿童给予早期颜色命名教育可以明显提高和促进其颜色命名能力的发展。

DEVELOPMENT OF COLOR NAMING AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES IN CHINA

This paper reports on the level and the difference of the development of ability to name colors by 3-6 year old children in China's Han, Mongolian, Uighur, Zhuang, Bai and Hani nationalities. Eight familiar color chips, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple, black and white, were used as color test samples in this study. The results were indicated as follows: 1) the percentages of correct color naming of all the six nationality children increased with age; 2) the total mean percentages of correct naming of colors by the different nationality children were as follows: Han, 75.7%; Mongolian, 74.9%; Hani, 59.8%; Zhuang, 57.8%; Bai, 56.3%; Uighur, 42.9%; 3) the eight colors did not present equal degree of difficulty for correct color naming, some were easier than the others, but the degrees of difficulty of correctly naming the eight colors were very consistent for all the six nationality children; 4) the order of colors according to the percentages of correct color naming scores by total Chinese young children were as follows: firstly black, red and white, then yellow and green, and then blue, the last were purple and orange.