焦虑性神经症的认知和躯体感觉研究

从Ｓｃｈａｃｈｔｅｒ的二因素理论和Ｂｅｃｋ的认知模式观点出发，采用信念量表、广场恐怖认知问卷、躯体感觉问卷、Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ焦虑及抑郁量表，以抑郁患者和正常人两组作对照，调查了焦虑患者的焦虑、认知及躯体感觉的相互关系。初步结论是，“躯体损害性”自动想法和对躯体感觉的过分担心是临床焦虑的特征；“社会、行为后果性”想法似乎是焦虑和抑郁患者共有的。焦虑的认知内容是以“危险”为主题的，躯体感觉和认知错解在焦虑发生发展中起重要作用。“危险”的负性自动想法和焦虑关系密切，而由非理性信念所反映的特定的认知图式可能促使患者过度夸大危险性。这一结果在一定程度上支持了两因素理论和Ｂｅｃｋ的认知模式

A STUDY OF COGNITIONS AND BODY SENSATIONS IN ANXIETY DISORDERS

Schachter's two factor theory proposed that both body arousal and cognitive interpretations determine the experienced emotion. This view is consistent with Beck's cognitive model of psychopathology. The present research used the Belief Scale (BS), Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ), Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ) and Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scales for depression and anxiety (HAMD, HAMA) to test these theories in anxious subjects (N=58), depressed (N=35) and normal control (N=96) subjects. It was concluded that Automatic thoughts about somatic danger and fear of somatic sensations are specific features of anxiety disorders. Thoughts about social and behavioral consequences, however, seem to be a more common feature of both anxious and depressed patients. These results indicated that body arousal and cognitive interpretations play an important role in the onset and maintenance of anxiety. The content of clinically anxious patients' cognition is characterized by theme of threat. Dangerous negative automatic thoughts are closely related with anxiety. Schema, which are reflected by dysfunctional beliefs and attitudes might make patients magnify the degree of danger. The data provided evidence for Schachter's two factor theory and Beck's cognitive model.