The electric vehicle: A new driving experience involving specific skills and rules |
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| Institution: | 1. Université de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France;2. IFSTTAR, TS2, LESCOT, F-69500 Bron, France;3. ARRB Group Ltd, Sydney, Australia;1. LAETA, IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;2. Laboratory of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, IBILI – Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal;1. Deutsche Telekom RO China, Beijing Lufthansa Center, C213, CN-100125 Beijing, China;2. IUAV University of Venice, Santa Croce 191, I-30135 Venice, Italy;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;2. Department of Human-Technology Interaction, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands;1. Institute of Transportation Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Germany;2. Ford Forschungszentrum Aachen GmbH, Süsterfeldstr. 200, 52072 Aachen, Germany;1. RENAULT, Technical Center for Simulation, TCR AVA 013, 1 avenue du Golf, 78288 Guyancourt, France;2. Arts et Métiers ParisTech, Institut image ENSAM, 2 rue Thomas Dumorey, 71100 Chalon-sur-Saône, France;3. LEAD, Université de Bourgogne, CNRS UMR 5022, Institut Marey Maison de la Métallurgie, 64 rue de Sully, 21000 Dijon CEDEX, France |
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| Abstract: | The arrival of the electric vehicle (EV) on the market is one consequence of government measures to improve air quality and reduce CO2 emissions. However, the EV has specific properties of use associated with its limited range and relative silence compared to normal vehicles, influencing the mobility behaviours of drivers and requiring them to develop some new driving abilities. This paper examines the behavioural modifications brought about by daily use of an electric vehicle at three different levels of driving activity: strategic, tactical and operational. The study collected and analyzed the self-reported behaviours (via questionnaires and travels dairies) of 36 Parisian private drivers, each of whom drove for six months an electric MINI E prototype. The results of the study show that driving an EV requires a learning phase to acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to operate the vehicle. At the strategic level of driving, drivers take into account the restricted range of the EV, implement a daily charge process, and develop new behaviours related to trip planning. The study also examines driver behaviour at the tactical level, in terms of driver interactions with other road users to deal with the silent nature of the EV, and at the operational level of driving, in terms of braking behaviour to master the regenerative braking function of the EV. The paper discusses the interactions between these three levels of driving activity. |
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| Keywords: | Electric vehicle Driver behaviour Road safety Intelligent transport systems Behavioural adaptation Human factors |
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