Risky behavior in young adult pedestrians: Personality determinants,correlates with risk perception,and gender differences |
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| Affiliation: | 1. University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain;2. Heltzen – Basque Foundation for Road Safety, Spain;3. Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA;1. IBM Research, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Automobile Safety and Energy, Department of Industrial Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China;3. Department of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong;4. Ergonomics and Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong;1. Department of Transportation Planning and Enginnering, NTUA, 5 Heroon Polytechniou str., GR-15773, Athens, Greece;2. IFSTTAR - Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et des réseaux, 14-20 Boulevard Newton, Cité Descartes, Champs sur Marne, F-77447 Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France;1. Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China;1. National Technical University of Athens, Department of Transportation Planning and Engineering, Greece;2. IFSTTAR – Institut français des sciences et technologies des transports, de l’aménagement et des réseaux, France |
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| Abstract: | Based on the risk homeostasis theory, the aim of this study was to assess acceptable risk, measured by personality factors, and risk perception, measured by physiological arousal, as predictors of risky behavior in young adult pedestrians, as well as to assess for gender differences. Eighty-two young adults, aged 18–30, completed self-report measures about risky pedestrian behaviors and these personality traits: impulsiveness, conscientiousness and openness to experience. Sixty-four of these participants then took part in an experimental task designed to assess their perception of the level of risk in situations involving different interactions between cars and pedestrians. Risk perception was assessed by these physiological responses: heart rate, skin conductance level, and skin conductance response. Results showed that risky behavior had significant correlations with impulsiveness, conscientiousness, and skin conductance level. Gender differences also emerged in risky behavior, impulsiveness, conscientiousness, and skin conductance level. Finally, a structural equation model showed that impulsiveness, conscientiousness and the difference in skin conductance level between risky and neutral situations predicted risky pedestrian behaviors, and explained 23.6% of the its variance, after controlling the effect of gender. Implications for evaluation, prevention, and intervention for risky pedestrian behaviors are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Perceived risk Risky behavior Psychophysiology Skin conductance level Conscientiousness Impulsiveness |
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