Assessment of proneness to distraction: English adaptation and validation of the Attention-Related Driving Errors Scale (ARDES) and cross-cultural equivalence |
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| Institution: | 1. CIMCYC-Mind, Brain & Behavior Research Center, University of Granada, Campus Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain;2. Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, 21 Blasco Ibañez Avenue, 46010 Valencia, Spain;3. Nottingham Trent University, School of Social Sciences, Nottingham, UK;1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Guindy, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, St. Joseph''s Institute of Technology, Chennai 600 119, India;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Velammal Engineering College, Chennai 600 066, India;4. Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam 603 102, India;5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hindustan University, Padur, Chennai 603 103, India;1. Institute of Human Genomic Study, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Gojan-1-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan 425-707, Republic of Korea;2. Constitutional Medicine and Diagnosis Research Group, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 461-24 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea;3. Medical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 461-24 Jeonmin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Jungwon University, 85 Munmu-ro, Goesan-eup, Goesan-gun, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea;5. Division of Pulmonary, Sleep and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Gojan-1-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan 425-707, Republic of Korea;1. The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel;2. Department of Transport, Technical University of Denmark, Bygningstorvet 116B, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark;3. Or Yarok, 22 Hanagar St., Hod Hasharon 45240, Israel;1. College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China;2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 160 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA;3. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, 55 Broadway Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;1. Department of Civil Engineering, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, IL, USA;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA |
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| Abstract: | Prior research developed the Attention-Related Driving Errors Scale (ARDES), a 19-item questionnaire aimed at evaluating the drivers’ predisposition to attentional error, and also provided validity evidence of ARDES measures across two countries: Argentina and Spain. In the current work we adapt the Spanish version of the ARDES to the English language and the culture, traffic regulations and driving habits of the UK, and then provide new evidence of the cross-cultural equivalence of the scale. First, an improved forward and backward translation design was used to translate the Spanish ARDES into English. A committee-approach review process was also performed during the translation phase to guarantee that the English ARDES was the most appropriate to reflect the language, culture, traffic regulations and driving habits of the UK. Second, the adapted questionnaire was tested on 301 British drivers to inspect its psychometric properties and study the relationships between the ARDES-UK and different socio-demographic variables. In agreement with the previous literature, the results of the factor analysis confirmed a single factor and accounting for 33.84% of the variance. Cronbach’s alpha was equal to .89. The observed pattern of relationships of the scores and the different socio-demographic variables was consistent with previous evidence and support the validity of the adapted questionnaire. For example, the ARDES-UK scores were significantly different between drivers reporting and not reporting traffic accidents with material damage. To conclude with, the translation design and the resulting psychometric suggest the validity of ARDES-UK measures for evaluating the British drivers’ predisposition to attentional error. In addition, the evidence in the current work supports the hypothesis of the cross-cultural stability of the scale across Spain and the UK. |
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| Keywords: | Driver inattention Attention-Related Driving Errors Scale ARDES Questionnaire adaptation Driver behaviour Road safety |
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