When grandparents drive their grandchildren |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University Waterfront Campus, Australia;2. Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, Department of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Australia;3. Burnet Institute, Monash University & Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, Australia;1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada;2. Department of Earth, Planetary and Space Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, 595 Charles Young Drive East, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1567, USA;3. Centre for Planetary Science and Exploration, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada;4. No. 1 Senior High School of Ürumqi, Ürumqi, Xinjiang, China;1. Griffith Aviation, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, 4111, QLD, Australia;2. Karlstad University, CTF Service Research Center, Universitetsgatan 2, 651 88, Karlstad, Sweden;1. Loughborough University, Design School, Epinal Way, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, United Kingdom;2. Imperial College London, Faculty of Engineering, Dyson School of Engineering, 10-12 Prince’s Gardens, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom;1. SUNY Buffalo State, Department of Psychology, Buffalo, NY, USA;2. Denver Public Schools, Denver, CO, USA |
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| Abstract: | Driving their grandchildren has become one of the common tasks grandparents perform as part of the support they provide for working parents. The current research made use of qualitative and quantitative methodologies in two complementary studies conducted on grandparents who drive their grandchildren, the first using personal interviews and the second self-report questionnaires. The goal of the qualitative study was to capture grandparents’ subjective experience (n = 27), whereas the quantitative study sought to provide more specific data on the factors affecting grandparents’ experience behind the wheel and attitudes to child restraints by examining the contribution of driving styles and parental influence (n = 330). The findings of the qualitative study indicate that having grandchildren in the car is a unique situation which affects grandparents’ emotions and driving behavior. Less careful drivers were found to adapt a more careful driving style when driving their grandchildren than when driving without them. In the quantitative study, risky and anxious drivers felt more tension when driving their grandchildren. Furthermore, parental intervention was found to heighten tension among grandparents. Finally, heightened tension and less angry and more careful grandparents’ driving styles were associated with more positive attitudes to child restraints. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Grandparents Driving styles Child restraints |
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