正负参照点下性别和损益情景对大学生延迟折扣的影响

大量研究表明，延迟折扣受到个体特质性和状态性因素的影响。本研究通过两个实验分别探究正参照点(实验1)和负参照点(实验2)下，特质性因素性别和状态性因素损益情景对大学生个体延迟折扣的影响。实验1研究发现，在正性参照点下，无论男女，收益情景的主观远期价值远高于损失情景。实验2研究发现，在负性参照点下，男女在损益情景的主观远期价值不同；与男性相比，女性的主观远期价值在损失情景中更高，而在收益情景中则无显著差异。本研究结果表明，在不同的参照点下，男女在损益情景中表现了不同的延迟折扣倾向；与男性相比，女性在负性参照点面对损失情景跨期选择时，更愿意选择延迟赔偿。

The Effects of Gender and Gain-loss Situation on Delay Discounting of College Students under Positive and Negative Reference Points

Numerous studies have shown that delay discounting is affected by the trait and state factors. The study used two experiments to explore the effects of gender as a trait factor and gain-loss situation as a state factor on delay discounting of college students under positive reference point (Experiment 1) and negative reference point (Experiment 2). Experiment 1 found that under positive reference point, no matter male and female, the subjective long-term value of gain situation was higher than that of loss situation. Experiment 2 found that under negative reference point, male and female have different subjective long-term value in gain situation and loss situation; That is, the subjective long-term value of female was higher compared with male in loss situation, whereas there was no significant difference in gain situation. The results showed that under different reference points, male and female have different tendency to delay discounting in gain situation and loss situation. Compared with male, female is more willing to delay compensation in loss situation under negative reference point.