《师》卦之兵法及其对《孙子兵法》的影响

《周易》是中国传统文化的源头之一,其《师》卦中含有丰富的兵法思想。正确理解《师》卦与《孙子兵法》的关系,对于理解《周易》的内容以及《孙子兵法》思想的来源是很有意义的。本文首先就《师》卦中蕴涵的丰富的兵学思想作了探讨,认为它提出的有关战争的“师(众)”、“贞”、“律”、“左次”四大原则,深深影响了后世兵法,尤其是成为《孙子兵法》核心思想的主要来源之一。最后,从历史和理论两个层面分析了《师》卦得以影响《孙子兵法》的原因。

On the art of war conceived in Hexagram Shi and its influences upon Sun zi's Art of War

Zhouyi is one of the sources of traditional Chinese culture,in which hexagram Shi(The Army,the 7~th hexagram in the received version of Zhouyi) conceives abundant thought of war art.To correctly comprehend the relationship between Hexagram Shi and Sun zi bing fa(Sun zi's Art of War) is significant for us to understand the contents of Zhouyi and the origin of thought of Sun zi's Art of War.This paper first discusses the abundant thoughts of war art conceived in Shi and holds that the "crucial position of war to a state","righteousness in war","importance of discipline",and "expedient retreating" implicated in the hexagram exerted profound influences upon later generation's art of war,and particularly,it became one of the main sources for the kernel thoughts of Sun zi bing fa.At last,from historical and theoretical layers,the author analyses the reason why Hexagram Shi could affect the thought of Sun zi bing fa.