汉-英和藏-汉-英双语者中、英文语码切换及代价研究

以汉—英和藏—汉—英双语者为被试,采用真假词判断范式,探讨中文和英文语码切换及代价。结果表明:(1)汉—英和藏—汉—英双语者中文语码切换代价不显著,英文语码切换代价显著;(2)汉—英和藏—汉—英双语者中、英文词加工差异显著,但语码切换趋势相同。这表明,加工方式和策略影响语言加工,不影响语码切换;语言熟练程度影响语码切换,两种语言的相对熟练程度决定切换代价的不对称性。

Language Switching and Switching Cost in Chinese-English and Tibetan-Chinese-English Bilinguals

Chinese-English and Tibetan-Chinese-English bilinguals participated in the experiments of true-or-false vocabulary judgment.The purpose was to explore the nature of language switching and costs of switching between Chinese and English.The results showed that:(1)for the Chinese-English and Tibetan-Chinese-English bilinguals,the Chinese switching cost was not significant,whereas the English switching cost was significant;(2)for the Chinese-English and Tibetan-Chinese-English bilinguals,the difference between the processing of Chinese and English was significant,but the results of language switching showed no difference.This indicated that the language processing measures and strategies affected the processing of different languages,but had little effect on language switching.Meanwhile,it was proficiency that was the major factor affecting language switching,and the asymmetry of the switching costs was determined by the relative proficiency of the two languages.