认知行为实验研究中最佳素材容量的选择与确定：多元概化理论应用

心理学实验首先必须保证结果的有效性和可靠性。实验素材容量是影响实验结果的关键因素之一。本文的目的是通过运用多元概化理论分析几个典型认知行为实验的素材容量对实验结果精度的影响, 从而探讨最佳的实验素材容量的确定问题。研究结果发现, 在IAT测验上, 相容与不相容任务的素材容量为50时最佳, 可靠性指数为0.92; 在图-词干扰范式中, 素材容量以48时为最佳, 可靠性指数为0.95; 对线索提示范式, 50%有效提示中, 有效与无效提示最佳素材容量为35, 可靠性指数是0.97。研究表明, 多元概化理论可以很好地用于确定认知行为实验中素材的最佳容量。

The Optimal Size of Material in Psychological Experiment: The Applications of Multivariate Generalizability Theory

The validity and reliability must be guaranteed to any psychological experiment. The size of experiment material is a critical factor that will significantly affect the results of experiment. This paper aims to study the selection of optimal size of the psychological experiment material under the frame of multivariate generalizability theory. The results show that, with the IAT experiment, 50 will be the optimal size of each combined tasks, and the reliability will be 0.905; with the Picture-word Interference Paradigm, when the material size is about 48, the reliability will be 0.954; with the Cue Paradigm, when the number of valid cue is 50%, the optimum size of valid cue and invalid cue is about 35, and the reliability will be 0.973. This study shows that MGT can help us to select an optimal size of the psychological experiment material.