情绪诱发的视盲：一种独特的功能性视盲

功能性视盲是指由于某种原因导致正常的视觉系统出现视觉觉察丧失的现象, 例如变化知盲、注意瞬脱等都属于功能性视盲。情绪诱发的视盲指的是一个与任务无关的情绪性刺激的呈现吸引了注意以致个体无法对快速呈现的靶刺激有所觉察的现象。与注意瞬脱特别是情绪性注意瞬脱相比, 情绪诱发的视盲是以情绪刺激为干扰刺激, 考察情绪刺激如何以自下而上的方式吸引注意并干扰靶刺激的加工, 因此有着自己的特点：它没有lag1节省现象, 也没有像注意瞬脱那样严格的时间窗口限制, 不受干扰刺激与靶刺激物理特征相似程度的限制, 在心理机制上属于早期知觉阶段的加工竞争等等。情绪诱发的视盲表明情绪对注意在时间和空间两个维度上都有吸引或干扰作用。未来可以从考察神经机制、了解影响因素等多方面深化此领域的研究。

Emotion-induced Blindness: A Kind of Particular Functional Blindness

Functional blindness involves the reported loss of visual awareness in the absence of organic reasons to explain the impaired vision, such as change blindness and attention blink, etc. Emotion-induced blindness (EiB) refers to a phenomenon in which the brief appearance of a task-irrelevant, emotionally arousing image captures attention to such an extent that individuals cannot detect target stimuli which present with high speed after the emotional stimulus. The EiB differ from attention blink, especially from emotional attention blink in term of the process being measured and the results. Emotional stimulus is critical distraction in the EiB research and so we can explore how emotional stimulus capture attention and interfere with the process of target stimulus by bottom-up processing. Therefore, blindness induced by emotional stimulus has its own characteristics, such as the EiB has no lag1 sparing, no strict time window as attention blink, not influenced by the similarity between distraction and target stimulus, and the mental mechanism is a competition of perception in early stage. The EiB is a kind of unique research method which could be used to explore the influence of emotion on attention not only in the process of time but also in the position of space. We need do more work for an in-depth study of EiB in the future, including investigating it’s neural mechanism and influential factors.