音乐时间加工的影响因素

音乐的时间维度在音乐艺术中具有重要的作用。已有研究表明, 对音乐时间维度的加工受制于许多方面, 一方面, 音乐构成要素的特征影响着人们对音乐时间的加工; 另一方面, 听者的年龄、注意、工作记忆、音乐训练以及对音乐的熟悉性等因素也影响着他们对音乐时间加工的深度和广度。未来的研究应进一步确定音乐时间加工的影响因素及其相对重要性, 并对音乐时间加工中基因与环境的关系以及发展的敏感期等问题进行研究。

Temporal Processing in Music: Effects of Musical Elements and Individual Differences

Music temporal dimension plays a critical role for music. It has been reported that the temporal processing in music is affected by many factors. On the one hand, music structural elements influence the temporal processing in music, such as rhythm, meter, tempo, and harmonic accompaniment; on the other hand, individual differences including age, attention, working memory, familiarity, and musical training also affect listeners’ temporal processing in music. Further research should determine the relative importance among these influencing factors, and examine the effects of gene and environment on the temporal processing in music. It should be also needed to identify the sensitive period of the development of temporal processing in music in future.